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先说小说。小说不是模仿着生活的世界。它自己就是生活，就是世界。
得过诺贝尔文学奖的帕慕克新近在哈佛大学著名的诺顿讲座授课，他说“小说是第二生活”。让读者觉着“遇到并乐此不疲的虚构世界比现实世界还真实”，有一种“幻真的体验”。这话有道理但不新鲜，《红楼梦》太虚幻境那副有名的对联就是这个意思，“假作真时真亦假，无为有处有还无”，曹雪芹说我这个《红楼梦》就是虚构世界和现实世界的混淆，是我自个儿笔下造就的，因此“贾雨村（假语存）”而“甄士隐（真事隐）”——换言之，小说就是一个“假语”的世界，假语为虚，世界为构，所以我们常说小说是虚构的艺术。
不过我尤其喜欢“第二生活”这个讲法。凭什么猫有九命，人却生死一线？上帝于是公平，说人命既脆弱，那就靠体验多活几回吧。体验就是要造环境，你到江南看“山寺月中寻桂子，郡亭枕上看潮头”是一种体验，到漠北看“北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪”又是一种体验；你“少年不识愁滋味，爱上层楼。爱上层楼，为赋新词强说愁”是一种体验，“而今识尽愁滋味，欲说还休。欲说还休，却道天凉好个秋”又是一种体验。